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The selective estrogen receptor modulators SERMs are another
2020-11-05
The selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are another type of estrogen receptor ligands. The main difference between SERMs and xenoestrogens relies on the fact that SERMs present functional duality and are able to act both as agonists and antagonists of the estrogen receptors in different t
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br Methods br Results br Discussion I R
2020-11-05
Methods Results Discussion I/R induces oxidative stress and increases the intracellular levels of ROS, resulting in tissue damage [31]. ROS is generated by mitochondrial electron transport chain, nicotinamide Cyclosporine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex, xanthine oxidase and
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In view of the hypotensive effect of endothelial
2020-11-05
In view of the hypotensive effect of endothelial-specific overexpression of eNOS [17], [19], [28] we correlated skeletal muscle eNOS expression with sBP including data on colony 5 of eNOS-Tg [17] which was used to generate eNOS-Tg/KO (Fig. 4D). We found a highly significant one phase exponential dec
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In addition to vasoconstrictor actions acute effects ET exer
2020-11-05
In addition to vasoconstrictor actions (acute effects), ET-1 exerts potent mitogenic actions on vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiac myocytes (chronic effects), hence causing vascular and cardiac hypertrophy [19,24,25]. These effects are mediated via stimulation of either ETA or ETB receptors, a
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To study the effect of DDR inhibition by imatinib nilotinib
2020-11-05
To study the effect of DDR inhibition by imatinib, nilotinib and dasatinib in a cellular environment we generated DDR1 and DDR2 expressing HEK293 cell lines by stable transfection. Of the five DDR1 splice variants we focused on the 1b variant whose over-expression has been associated with pulmonary
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Regardless of its effect on
2020-11-05
Regardless of its effect on EBV infection, the chemokine system has been found to be regulated in both nasopharyngeal cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma. As such, Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells from Hodgkin lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells have been shown to express CXCL8 and CCL17. Furt
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br Introduction Cardiovascular disease continues to be the l
2020-11-05
Introduction Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death in developed countries. Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory cardiovascular disease, is characterized by the progressive buildup of oxidized low density lipoproteins in the arterial walls (Ross, 1999). In the develo
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In this study cell migration in response to LTD
2020-11-05
In this study, cell migration in response to LTD4 exhibited a typical bell-shaped dose-response curve with optimal activity at 10 nM. However, the effect of inhaled CysLTs on airway inflammatory cells in vivo has not been widely reported to date, therefore, the role of CysLTs in the development of a
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HhAntag mg The objective of the present study was to
2020-11-05
The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of the CRF system in the neuroadaptations associated with nicotine dependence. To this aim, the regulation of the gene expression of CRF and its receptors was assessed in HhAntag mg regions belonging to the reward pathway using a model
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An increased CK activity was found
2020-11-05
An increased CK2 activity was found in septal neuronal Talarozole receptor dissected from rat embryos after hypoglycemia [36]. These data indicated that CK2 activity is not only regulated by insulin but also by the glucose concentration. One essential step in insulin action is the binding of the ho
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br Introduction br Conclusion br Acknowledgments and
2020-11-05
Introduction Conclusion Acknowledgments and Funding Introduction Reversible protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification of proteins regulating many processes in the cell. Approximately one third of the cellular proteome is phosphorylated, and several sites are
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To investigate the mechanism of action of trisubstituted azo
2020-11-05
To investigate the mechanism of action of 2,4,5-trisubstituted azoles, we profiled selected 2,4,5-trisubstituted azoles against a panel of 97 kinases to identify potential targets that could be involved in cardiogenesis. We narrowed down the identified targets to the casein kinase 1 (CK1) family due
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The CLC proteins in Arabidopsis have been studied in some
2020-11-05
The CLC proteins in Arabidopsis have been studied in some detail, and a total of seven genes (named AtCLCa-AtCLCg) have been identified (Lv et al., 2009). It is interesting that AtCLCa-AtCLCd and AtCLCg define a distinct phylogenetic branch that is closely related to eukaryotic CLCs, while the other
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EP receptors belong to the
2020-11-04
EP1–4 receptors belong to the family of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Trafficking events such as externalization, internalization, recycling and degradation dynamically regulate GPCR cell surface density. A fast-rate of internalization and degradation reduces GPCR surface density to desensitize
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The larger eukaryotic ligases such as LigI
2020-11-04
The larger eukaryotic ligases, such as LigI and LigIV, also possess an additional N-terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD) that is required for efficient ligation (Fig. 1c) and enables these ligases to encircle DNA [17]. An equivalent helix–hairpin–helix domain is also present in the bacterial NAD-depend
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