• ATP citrate lyase ACLY is a cytosolic enzyme

  2023-10-18

  

  ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the generation of acetyl-CoA from citrate [15]. Acetyl-CoA is the building block for the biosynthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol, and also serves as a substrate of the acetylation reaction of various molecules, including histones and

• br Epidemiology br Genetics The dominantly inherited PrP cer

  2023-10-17

  

  Epidemiology Genetics The dominantly inherited PrP cerebral amyloidoses are genetically transmitted with a penetrance of almost 100%. Early linkage analysis studies helped to established the relationship between GSS and mutations in the PRNP gene. PRNP is located on the short arm of chromosome

• Interestingly metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyo

  2023-10-17

  

  Interestingly, metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Patients and mouse models of familial ALS exhibit higher levels of resting vegfr inhibitor expenditure and lower fat-free mass, indicating a hypermetabolic phenotype. Lim et al. (2012) found that reducing

• However a high triglyceride level was associated with dement

  2023-10-17

  

  However, a high triglyceride level was associated with dementia in a study with subjects aged ≥65 years (Raffaitin et al., 2009). In another study, the serum triglyceride levels of three different transgenic mouse strains mimicking AD were also evaluated within the progression of the pathology. In o

• Additionally we were prompted to validate the protective eff

  2023-10-17

  

  Additionally, we were prompted to validate the protective effect of ALDH3A1 by utilizing a human corneal model. Cornea is located in the anterior segment of the eye and thus, is constantly exposed to various environmental stressors that affect the cellular oxidative balance and consequently lead to

• In conclusion we show that HBP is phosphorylated on three

  2023-10-17

  

  In conclusion, we show that HBP1 is phosphorylated on three sites, which control HBP1 transcriptional activity and glioblastoma cell proliferation. This phosphorylation largely depends on AKT, although other kinases may also be involved. In a previous study, we had shown that the PI3K-AKT pathway re

• The role of circulating physiologic concentrations of FGF

  2023-10-17

  

  The role of circulating physiologic concentrations of FGF21 in glucose metabolism, however, remains unclear. Circulating FGF21 levels in obese and diabetic rodents, and in patients with type 2 diabetes are significantly higher than those in controls without diabetes [4], [5], [6]. On the other hand,

• A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism wa

  2023-10-17

  

  A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism was involved in the psychological stress-induced alteration in synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampal CA1 field (Matsumoto et al., 2004). Sumitaka Inoue et al. (Inoue et al., 2014) reported that pretreatment with a 5-HT1A receptor partial

• The enzyme mediated ATP sensing mechanism in zebrafish

  2023-10-17

  

  The enzyme-mediated ATP-sensing mechanism in zebrafish can be compared with previous studies in other animal species reporting that enzymatic conversion of chemicals in the peripheral olfactory organ results in either “activation” or “inactivation” of odorants and pheromones. In male silkmoth, the a

• If overexpression of ADK is sufficient to induce spontaneous

  2023-10-17

  

  If overexpression of ADK is sufficient to induce spontaneous seizures, then reduction of ADK in engineered mice should prevent epileptogenesis. The generation of mice with moderately reduced levels of ADK in brain rather than complete ADK deficiency seems to be essential, since several lines of evid

• The gene SRD A encodes the reductase enzyme

  2023-10-17

  

  The gene SRD5A2 encodes the 5-α-reductase enzyme, which converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. Although dihydrotestosterone levels are considerably lower than testosterone, dihydrotestosterone has a five-fold stronger binding capacity to the androgen receptor and, thereby, a considerably mo

• Since the localization of LO

  2023-10-17

  

  Since the localization of 5-LO depends on phosphorylation, we also analyzed the phosphorylation profile of 5-LO-WT and all isoforms by Western blot using specific Fmoc-Lys(Boc)-OH against the phosphorylation sites S271 and S523. Whereas phosphorylation at S271 activates the 5-LO, inhibits nuclear ex

• Brain damage diseases such as cerebral ischemia brain trauma

  2023-10-17

  

  Brain damage diseases, such as cerebral ischemia, brain trauma and infection are characterized by the increase in oxygen free radicals. Therefore, deeper understanding of the character and mechanism of free radical damage in the brain is important to ultimately relieve diseases and promote recovery

• Brain damage diseases such as cerebral ischemia brain trauma

  2023-10-17

  

  Brain damage diseases, such as cerebral ischemia, brain trauma and infection are characterized by the increase in oxygen free radicals. Therefore, deeper understanding of the character and mechanism of free radical damage in the brain is important to ultimately relieve diseases and promote recovery

• While the yeasts and see Glossary each

  2023-10-17

  

  While the yeasts and (see Glossary) each contain only one Aurora homolog, Ipl1p (increase in ploidy 1) and Ark1 (Aurora-related kinase 1), respectively 5, 6, , and Xenopus laevis contain two Aurora kinases: Aurora A and Aurora B [4]. Mammals have three Aurora kinases, A, B, and C (Figure 1). In anim

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